时讯：英语写作精讲精练：医学科普文案

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passage 3:

hemophiliaisaconditioninwhichthebloodeitherclotsslowlyorfailstoclotall.mostpeoplewhogetalittlecutonafingercanputabandag e on the andthecutonthefingerwillhealbecausethebloodwillclot.abloodclotformsfromthepolymerizationofproteinfibersthatcirculateinthebl oot stakepartintheprocess，anditisnecessaryforalloftheproteinfactorstofunctioncorrectlyforbloodtoclot.hemophiliaexistswhenanyofthes

themostcommonkindsofhemophiliaarehemophiliaaa ( orclassichemophilia ) andhemophiliab ( orchristmashemophilia )， whichwasnamedafterthefirstpersonknowntohavecontractedit.hemophiliaoccurswhenclottingfactor8isnotfunctioningproperly； 85 % ofthosewhosufferfromhemophiliahavehemophiliatypea.hemophiliaboccurswhenfactor9isnotfunctioningproperly； almostalloftherestofthosewhosufferfromhemophiliahavehemophiliab。

hemophiliaisgenerallypassedfrommothertoson， thoughsometimesitseemstodevelopspontaneouslyinsomewomen.womencarryrecessivegenebutdonotgenerallydevelopthedisease.am other riee notpassitontoherchildren.ifamotherpassesthedefectivegenetoadaughter，thedaughterwillcarrythegenebutwillmostlikelynotdevelopthe

passage 4:

probablythemostfamouscaseofhemophiliaisoftencalledroyalhemophilia.in this case，queen victoria of england， who lived from 1819-1901 wasacarrierofthemutatingfactor8thatleadstohemophiliatypea.queenvictoriamayhaveinheritedthemutatedgenefre hthereisnosignofthemutatedgeneinthefamiliesofvictoria’sparentsuptothattimethatshewasborn.themutatedfactor8mayalshav emutatedss

howevervictoriacametobeacarrierofthegenewiththemutatedfactor，sheunfortunatelypasseditontosomeofherchildren.shehadninechildren herdaughtersaliceandbeatriceandhersonleopold，receivedthemutatedgenefromtheirmother.Victoria’sdaughtersthenintermarriedwithon m.throughqueenvictoria’sdaughterbeatrice， thediseasewascarriedintotheroyalfamilyofspain.throughqueenvictoria’sdaughter thediseasewasintroducedintotheroyalfamiliesofauss thoughthediseasenolongerexistsintherussianfamilybecausevictoria’sgrandaughteralexandraaandherchildrenwereallkileduringthre

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