时讯：2017年12月英语四级完善真题及参考答案(新东方版)

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年全国大学英语四六级考试将于12月16日举行，澎湃教育将全天候播出，给你带来第一手四六级考试信息。 以下为年12月的英语四级完善真题和参考答案(新东方版)

年12月大学英语四级考试真题与解答(第一套)

新东方在线

部件I writing ( 25 minutes )

directions: for this part，you are allowed 30 minutestowriteashorteasyonhowtobest

handletherelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients.youshouldwriteatleast

120 words but no more than 180 words。

partiilistening comprehension ( 25 minutes )

section a

directions: in this section，youwillhearthreenewsreports.attheendofeachnewsreport， youwillheartwoorthreequestions.boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.afteryouhearaquestion， youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkeda )，b )，c ) and ).thenmarkthecorrespondingleteronanswersheet1with sith

questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard。

1.a ) herfrienderika.c ) her grandfather。

b ) herlittlebrother.d ) her grandmother。

2.a ) bytakingpicturesforpassers-by.c ) bysellinglemonadeandpictures。

b ) byworkingparttimeatahospital.d ) byaskingforhelponsocialmedia。

questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard。

3.a ) findingcheaperwaysofhighwayconstruction。

b ) generatingelectricpowerforpassingvehicles。

c )预配cleanergytofivemillionpeople。

d ) testingtheefficiencyofthenewsolarpanel。

4.a ) theycanstandthewearandtearofnaturalelements。

b ) theycanbelaidrightontopofexistinghighways。

c ) theyareonlyabouthalfaninchthick

d ) theyaremadefromcheapmaterials。

questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard。

5.a ) endlessfightingintheregion.c ) inadequatefundingforresearch。

b ) thehazardsfromthedesert.d ) thelackofcluesaboutthespecies。

6.a ) toobservethewildlifeinthetwonationalparks。

b ) toidentifythereasonsforthelions’disappearance。

c ) tostudythehabitatoflionsinsudanandethiopia。

d ) tofindevidenceoftheexistenceofthelostlions。

7.a ) lions walking.c ) somecampingfacilities。

b ) lions’tracks.d ) trapssetbylocalhunters。

section b

directions:in this section，youwillheartwolongconversations.attheendofeachconversation， youwillhearfourquestions.boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.afteryouhearaquestion， youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkeda )，b )，c )，andd ).thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswershetwith1a

questions 8to 11 arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard。

8.a ) her ' lucky birthday '.c ) herweddinganniversary。

b ) acallfromherdad.d ) aspecialgiftfromtheman。

9.a ) gaveherabigmodelplane.c ) tookheronatripoverseas。

b ) boughtheragoodnecklace.d ) threwherasurpriseparty。

10.a ) thegiftherhusbandhasbought。

b) the trip her husband has planned。

c ) whathasbeentroublingherhusband。

d ) whatherhusbandandthemanareupto。

11.a ) hewillbegladtobeaguideforthecouple’sholidaytrip。

b ) hewilltellthewomenthesecretifherhusbandagrees。

c ) heiseagertolearnhowthecouple’sholidayturnsout。

d ) hewantstofindoutaboutthecouple’sholidayplan。

questions 12 to 15 arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard。

12.a ) theyaresensitivetothedynamicsofanegotiation。

b ) theyseetheimportanceofmakingcompromises。

c ) theyknowwhentoadoptatoughattitude。

d ) theytaketherival’sattitudeintoaccount。

13.a ) theyknowhowtoadapt.c ) theyknowwhentomakecompromises。

b ) theyknowwhentostop.d ) theyknowhowtocontroltheiremotion。

14.a ) they are Patient.c ) theylearnquickly。

b ) theyaregoodatexpression.d ) theyupholdtheirprinciples。

15.a ) make clearone ' sintentions.c )公式one ' sstrategy。

b ) clarifyitemsofnegotiation.d ) gettoknowtheotherside。

section c

directions: in this section，Youwillhearthreepassages.attheendofeachpassage，you will

hearthreeorfourquestions.boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonly

once. after you hear a question，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefour

choices marked a )，b )，c )，d ).thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswer

sheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre。

question s16 to 18 arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard。

16.a ) when America ' searliestspaceprogramstarted。

b ) whentheinternationalspacestationwasbuilt。

c ) howmanyspaceshuttlemissionstherewillbe。

d ) howspaceresearchbenefitspeopleonearth。

17.a ) theyaccuratelycalculatedthespeedoftheorbitingshuttles。

b ) theydevelopedobjectsforastronautstouseinouterspace。

c ) theytriedtomeetastronauts ' specific requirements。

d ) theytriedtomakebestuseofthelatesttechnology。

18.a ) theyareextremelyaccurate.c ) theywerefirstmadeinspace。

b ) theyareexpensivetomake.d ) theywereinventedinthe 1970 s。

questions 19 to 21 arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard。

19.a ) itwaswhenherancestorscametoamerica。

b ) peoplehadplentyoflandtocultivatethen。

c ) itmarkedthebeginningofsomethingnew。

d ) everythingwasnaturalandgenuinethen。

20.a ) theybelievedinworkingforgoals.c ) theyhadallkindsofentertainment。

b ) theyenjoyedlivingalivingalifeofease.d ) theywereknowntobecreative。

21.a ) chattingwitherancestors.c ) Polishingallthesilverwork。

b ) furnishinghercountryhouse.d ) doingneedleworkbythefire。

questions 22 to 25 arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard。

22.a ) useamaptoidentifyyourlocation.c ) sitdownandtrytocalmyourself。

b ) callyourfamilyorfriendsforhelp.d ) trytofollowyourfootprintsback。

23.a ) youmayfindawayoutwithoutyourknowingit。

b ) youmayexposeyourselftounexpecteddangers。

c ) youmaygetdrownedinasuddenflood。

d ) youmayendupenteringawonderland。

24. a) look for food. c) start a fire。

b) wait patiently. d) walk uphill。

25.a ) informsomebodyofyourplan.c ) checkthelocalweather。

b ) prepareenoughfoodanddrink.d ) findamapandacompass。

部件ⅲ读压缩( 40分钟)

section a

directions: in this section， thereisapassagewithtenblanks.youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfolowingthepasa ge.REE llybeforemakingyourchoices.eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.pleasemarkthecorespont terforeachitemonanswersheet2withase

aratorpigeonmightnotbetheobviouschoicetotendtosomeonewhoissick，butthesecreatureshavesome 26 skillsthatcouldhelpthetreatmenthof

pigeonsareoftenseenasdirtybirdsandanurban 27，buttheyarejustthelatestinalonglineofanimalsthavebeenfoundtohaveabilitiestohelpo e 28 of your index finger，pigeonshaveaveryimpressive 29 _ _ memory.recentlyitwasshownthattheycouldbetrainedtobeasaccuratehame _。

ratsareoften 30 withspreadingdiseaseratherthan 31 it，butthislong-tailedanimalishighly 32.inside arat ' snoseareupto 1， 00 differenttypesofolfactoryreceptors (嗅觉感受器) whereashumansonlyhave 100 to 200 types.thisgivesratstheabilitytodetect _ _ 33 smells.a someratsarebeingputtoworktodetecttb (肺结核).when the rats detect the smell，theystopandrubtheirlegsto 34 asampleisinfected。

traditionally，ahundredsampleswouldtakelabtechniciansmorethantwodaysto 35，butforaratittakeslessthan 20 minutes.thisratdetections ble to find more tb infections and，therefore，save more lives。

a )关联I ) slight

b) examine j) specify

c) indicate k) superior

d) nuisance l) suspicious

e) peak m) tip

f) preventing n) treated

g) prohibiting o) visual

h )敏感

section b

directions: in this section， youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.identyfity a ationisderived.youmaychooseaparagraphthanonce.eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.answerthueque bymarkingthecorrespondingletters

doin-classexamsmakestudentsstudyharder？

researchsuggeststheymaystudymorebroadlyfortheunexpectedratherthansearchforanswers。

[a] ihavealwaysbeenapoortest-taker.soitmayseemratherstrangethatihavereturnedtocollegetofinishthedegreeileftundonesomefourdecad es columbiauniversity，surroundedbystudentswhoquicklysupplytheverbalanswerwhileiamstillprocesinghith

[ b ] sincethereisnowayformetoavoidexams， iamcurrentlyquestioningwhatkindarethemosttaxingandultimatelybeneficial.ihavealreadysweatedthroughnumerousin-classmideras ls， andnowihaveaprofessorwhoissuestake-homeones.iwasexcitedwhenilearnedthis，figuringihadafullwektodotheresearch， read the texts，and write it all up. in fact，iwasstillrewritingmymidtermthemorningitwasdue.tosayihadlostthethreadisputingimitle。

[ c ] asiwassufferingthroughmyweekofanxiety、overthinkingthematerialandguessingmygraspofit、 ididsomeofmyownpollingamongstudentsandprofessors.davideisenbach，whoteachesapopularclassonu.s.presidentsatcolumbia， prefersthein-class variety.hebelievesstudentsultimatelylearnmoreandencouragesthemtoformstudygroups.thatwaytheysocialize ry oute which wouldn’thappenwithoutthepressureofanin-class exam，“he explained，”furthermore，in-classexamsforcestudentstolearnhowtopes

[ d ] healsosaysthereislesschanceofcheatingwiththein-class variety.in， 15 studentsatharvardwerecaughtupinascandalwhenitwasdiscoveredtheyhadcheatedonatake-homeexamforaclassentitledintroduction congre theycallan'honorcode，' thoughifyouaresmartenoughtogetintotheseschools，youareeithersmartenoughtogetaroundanycodesorhopefuly， tooethicaltoconsiderdoingso.asisatblockedandcluelessfortwosoliddays imomentarilywonderedificouldn’tjustcallanexpertonthesubjes orsomeonewhotooktheclasspreviouslyto，imomentarilywhotooktheclasspreviouslyto

[e] following the harvard scandal、mary miller、the former dean of students at yale、madeanimpassionedappealtoherschool’sprofessorstores aswellasperformanceinotherend-of-term work、whenfacultyofferstake-homeexamswithoutclear、time-limited boundaries、 “she told me .”researchnowshowsthatregularquizzes，short essays，andotherassignmentsoverthecourseofatermbetterenhancelening。

[ f ] mostcollegeprofessorsagreethekindofexamtheychooselargelydependsonthesubject.aquantitative-based one， for example is unlikely to be sent home，whereonecouldasktheirolderbrothersandsisterstohelp.vocational-type classes，suchascomputerse on the other hand， areoftenmoreresearch-orientedandlendthemselvestotake-home testing.chech who teaches“historyofbroadcastjournalism”atmontgomery maryland，pointsoutthatreportingisaboutinvestigationratherthanthememorizationofminutedetails.in my field， it’snotwhatyouknow-it’swhatyouknowhowtofindout，“says Koch .”thereiswaytoomuchinformation，and more coming all the time， foranyonetoremember.iwantmystudentstosearchouttheanswerstoquestionsbyusingalltheresourcesavailabletothem。

[ g ] students’test-formpreferencesvary，too，oftendependingonthesubjectandcoursedifficulty .“iprefertake-homeessaysbecauseity” soyouhavetimetoeditanddomoreresearch，“says elizabeth dresser，ajunioratbarnard.thenthereisthestressfactor.frances chass”。 a senior at middlebury，says，“ifindthein-classonesaremorestressfulintheshortterm， butthereisimmediatereliefasyouswallowinformationlikemad， andthenyougettoforgetitall.take-homesrequirethoughtfulengagementwhichcanleadtolongertermstressasthereisneveramomentwhenthe ime olivia rubin，a sophomore at emory，saysshehardlyevenconsiderstake-homestrueexams .“ifyounderstandthematerialandhavetheabilitytoo

[h] howstudentsultimatelyhandlestressmaydependontheirpersonaltest-taking abilities.therearepeoplewhoalwayswaituntilthelass andmakes e.andthentherethosewho，notknowingwhatquestionsarecomingatthem，and having no resources to refer to，can freeze.andthentherearewera

[ I ]是，myadvancedagemustfactorintotheequation (等式)，in part because of my inability to

accesstheinformationasquickly.asanotherreturningstudentatcolumbia，kate marber，told

me，“wearelearningnotonlyallthisinformation，butessentiallyhowtolearnagain.our”

fellowstudentshavejustcomeoutofhighschool.alothaschangedsincewerelastin

school .”

[j] if nothing else、thesituationhasgivenmycollegesonandmesomethingtoshare、when i

asked his opinion on this matter，he responded，“ilike in-classexamsbecausethetimeis”。

already reserved，asopposedtousingmyfreetimeathometoworkonatest，“he responded。

itseemstomethatacompromisewouldbereceivingtheexamquestionsadayortwoin

高级，andthendoingtheactualtestinclassthetickingclockoverhead。

[k] better yet，howaboutwhatonehuntercollegeprofessorreportedlydidrecentlyforherfinal

exam:sheencouragedtheclassnottostressorevenstudy，promising that，it is going to be a

pieceofcake .”whenthestudentscamein，sharpened pencils in hand，there was not a blue

book in sight. rather，theysawalargechocolatecakeandtheyeachweregivenaslice。

36.elderlystudentsfindithardtokeepupwiththerapidchangesineducation。

37.somebelievetake-homeexamsmayaffectstudents ' performanceinothercourses。

38.certainprofessorsbelievein-classexamsareultimatelymorehelpfultostudents。

39.in-classexamsarebelievedtodiscouragecheatinginexams。

40.theauthorwashappytolearnshecoulddosomeexamsathome。

41.studentswhoputofftheirworkuntilthelastmomentoftenfindtheexamsmoredifficultthan

they actually are。

42.differentstudentsmaypreferdifferenttypesofexams。

43.mostprofessorsagreewhethertogiveanin-classoratake-homeexamdependsontypeof

course being taught。

44.theauthordroppedoutofcollegesomefortyyearsago。

45.somestudentsthinktake-homeexamswilleatuptheirfreetime。

section c

directions:there are2passagesinthissection.eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.foreachofthemhere choics c ) andd ).youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswersheet2with a singline

passage one

questions 46 and 50 arebasedonthefollowingpassage。

thatpeopleoftenexperiencetroublesleepinginadifferentbedinunfamiliarsurroundingsisaphenomenonknownasthefirst-night fefect sonstata ngnighttheytendtosleepmoresoundly.yukasasakiandhercolleaguesatbrownuniversitysetouttoinvestigion

dr.sasakiknewthefirst-nighteffectprobablyhassomethingtodowithowhumansevolved.thepuzzlewaswhatbenefitwouldbegainedfrot erfors owing day.shealsoknewfrompreviousworkconductedonbirdsanddolphinsthattheseanimalsputhalfthieifies.erformancebightbectedtedtheds epatatimesothattheycanrestwhileremainingalertenoughtoavoidpredators (捕食者).thisledhertowonderifpeoplemightbedoingthesamething ) herteamstudied 35 healthypeopleastheysleptintheunfamiliarenvironmentoftheuniversity’sdepartmentofpsychologicalsciences.the Pate ntfortwonightsandwerecarefulymonitoredwithtechniquesthatlookedattheactivityoftheirbrains.dr.sasan und，as expected， theparticipantssleptlesswellontheirfirstnightthantheydidontheirsecond，takingmorethantwiceaslongtofallasleepandsleepinglessover the participants’brainsbehavedinasimilarmannerseeninbirdsanddolphins.onthe firstnightonly，the left hemispheres (半球) oftheirbrais

curiousifthelefthemisphereswereindeedremainingawaketoprocessinformationdetectedinthesurroundingenvironment， dr.Sasaki re-rantheexperimentwhilepresentingthesleepingparticipantswithamixofregularlytimedbeeps (蜂鸣器声音) ofthesametoneandirregularbeepsofadifferenttoneduringthenight.sheworkedoutthat，ifthelefthemispherewasstayingalerttokeeepguardis thenitwouldreacttotheirregularbeepsbystirringpeoplefromsleepandwouldignoretheregularlytimedones.thisispreciselywhatshefound

46.whatdidresearchersfindpuzzlingaboutthefirst-night effect？

a ) towhatextentitcantroublepeople.c ) whatcircumstancesmaytriggerit

b ) whatroleithasplayedinevolution.d ) inwhatwayitcanbebeneficial。

47.whatdowelearnaboutdr.yukasasakidoingherresearch？

a ) shefoundbirdsanddolphinsremainalertwhileasleep。

b ) shefoundbirdsanddolphinssleepinmuchthesameway。

c ) shegotsomeideafrompreviousstudiesonbirdsanddolphins

d ) sheconductedstudiesonbirds’and dolphins’sleeping patterns。

48.whatdiddr.sasakidowhenshefirstdidherexperiment？

a ) shemonitoredthebrainactivityofparticipantssleepinginanewenvironment。

b ) she recruited 35 participantsfromherdepartmentofpsychologicalsciences。

c ) shestudiedthedifferencesbetweenthetwosidesofparticipants’brains。

d ) shetestedherfindingsaboutbirdsanddolphinsonhumansubjects。

49.whatdiddr.sasakidowhenre-runningherexperiment？

a ) sheanalyzedthenegativeeffectofirregulartonesonbrains。

b ) sherecordedparticipants’adaptationtochangedenvironment。

c ) sheexposedherparticipantstotwodifferentstimuli。

d ) shecomparedtheresponsesofdifferentparticipants。

50.whatdiddr.sasakifindabouttheparticipantsinherexperiment？

a ) theytendedtoenjoycertaintonesmorethanothers

b ) theytendedtoperceiveirregularbeepsasathreat。

c ) theyfeltsleepywhenexposedtoregularbeeps。

d ) theydifferedintheirtoleranceofirregulartones。

passage two

questions 51 to55 arebasedonthefollowingpassage。

it’stimetoreevaluatehowwomenhandleconflictatwork.beingoverworkedorover-committedathomeandonthejobwillnotgetyouwherewou bein l

didyouknowwomenaremorelikelythanmentofeelexhausted？ nearlytwiceasmanywomenthanmenages 18-44报告的feeling“very tired”or“exhausted”，according to a recent study。

thismaynotbesurprisinggiventhatthisistheagewhenwomenhavechildren.it ' salsotheagerangewhenmanywomenaretryingtobalanceconce ersa elexhaustedisthattheyhaveahardtimesaying " no." womenwanttobeabletodoitallvolunterforshoce。 rtiesorcookdeliciousmeals-andsotheiranswertoanyrequestisoften“是，i can .”。

womenstruggletosay“no”intheworkplaceforsimilarreasons，includingthedesiretobelikedbytheircolleagues.unfortunately，thisinabb

at the workplace，menuseconflictasawaytopositionthemselves，whilewomenoftenavoidconflictorstrivetobethepeacemaker， because they don ' twanttobeviewedasaggressiveordisruptiveatwork.for example， there’saproblemthatneedstobeaddressedimediates resultinginadisputeovershouldbetheonetofixit.menarelikelytofacethatdisputefrom tsthemmost，whereaswomenmayapproachthesamedisputefromtheperspectiveofwhat ' stheeasiestandquickestwaytoresolvetheproblem-even

ifthatmeansdoingtheboringworkthemselves。

thisdifferenceinhandlingconflictcouldbethedecidingfactoronwhogetspromotedtoaleadershippositionandwhodoesnot.leadershavetobabe urceswisely–includingstaffexpertise.shoulderingmoreoftheworkloadmaynotearnyouthatpromotion.in sting itmayhighlightyourinabilie

51.whatdoestheauthorsayistheproblemwithwomen？

a ) theyareoftenunclearaboutthecareergoalstoreach。

b ) theyareusuallymorecommittedathomethanonthejob。

c ) theytendtobeover-optimisticabouthowfartheycouldgo

d ) theytendtopushthemselvesbeyondthelimitsoftheirability。

52.whydoworkingwomenofchild-bearingagetendtofeeldrainedofenergy？

a ) theystruggletosatisfythedemandsofbothworkandhome

b ) theyaretoodevotedtoworkandunabletorelaxasaresult。

c ) theydotheirbesttocooperatewitheirworkmates。

d ) theyareobligedtotakeuptoomanyresponsibilities。

53.whatmayhinderthefutureprospectsofcareerwomen？

a) their unwillingness to say “no”。

b ) theirdesiretobeconsideredpowerful。

c ) anunderestimateoftheirownability。

d ) alackofcouragetofacechallenges。

54.menandwomandifferintheirapproachtoresolvingworkplaceconflictsinthat _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _。

a) women tend to be easily satisfied

b ) menaregenerallymorepersuasive

c ) mentendtoputtheirpersonalinterestsfirst

d ) womenaremuchmorereadytocompromise

55.whatisimportanttoagoodleader？

a ) adominantpersonality.c ) thecouragetoadmitfailure

b ) theabilitytodelegate.d ) astrongsenseofresponsibility。

部件ⅳ翻译( 30分钟)

directions: for this part，you are allowed 30 minutestotranslateapassagefromchineseinto

English.youshouldwriteyouransweronanswersheet 2。

华山位于华阴市，根据西安120公里。 华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分割陕南和陕北，而且把华南和华北隔开。 和以前人们经常去朝圣的泰山不同，华山以前很少有人来。 因为上山的路极其危险。 但是我希望长寿的大人经常爬山。 因为山上长着多种草药，特别是有点罕见的草药。 20世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大幅增加。

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部件ⅲ读压缩( 40分钟)

section a 26—30 kdmoa 31—35 fhicb

section b 36—40 iecdb 41—45 hgfaj

section c 46—50 dcacb 51—55 daacb